1. What is LDL Cholesterol?

LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol, often called "bad cholesterol," can build up in the walls of your arteries, making them hard and narrow. The formula calculates LDL at 3.7 mmol/L equivalent, which indicates high cardiovascular risk.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Friedewald formula:

Where:

• \( TC \) — Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
• \( HDL \) — HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
• \( TG \) — Triglycerides (mmol/L)

Explanation: This formula estimates LDL cholesterol levels based on measured total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.

3. Importance of LDL Calculation

Details: LDL cholesterol measurement is crucial for assessing cardiovascular risk. Levels at or above 3.7 mmol/L indicate high risk and may require lifestyle changes or medical intervention.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides in mmol/L. All values must be valid positive numbers. The calculator will determine if your LDL level reaches the 3.7 mmol/L high-risk threshold.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is 3.7 mmol/L considered high risk?
A: LDL levels of 3.7 mmol/L or higher are associated with significantly increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, including heart attack and stroke.

Q2: What are optimal LDL levels?
A: Optimal LDL levels are below 2.6 mmol/L. Levels between 2.6-3.3 mmol/L are near optimal, while 3.4-4.1 mmol/L are borderline high, and above 4.1 mmol/L are high.

Q3: When should cholesterol be measured?
A: Fasting for 9-12 hours before testing provides the most accurate results, especially for triglyceride measurements.

Q4: Are there limitations to this formula?
A: The formula is less accurate when triglyceride levels are very high (>4.5 mmol/L) or in certain medical conditions. Direct LDL measurement may be needed in these cases.

Q5: How can I lower my LDL cholesterol?
A: Lifestyle changes including diet modification, regular exercise, weight management, and if necessary, cholesterol-lowering medications prescribed by your doctor.